Burden of Proof

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1. When a claimant asserts an employment relationship that is denied, what quantum ordinarily governs proof of that relati…
2. In Ditiangkin’s paid-services dispute, who bore the burden of establishing the asserted independent-contractor classifi…
3. Is a signed written employment contract the only possible evidence of an employment relationship?
4. A claimant names a company as her employer but supplies no relevant proof that it engaged or paid her or held employmen…
5. A company admits directly engaging and paying riders but asserts they are independent contractors. It submits only the …
6. Two complaints are filed. In the first, a person merely names a corporation as employer and offers no relevant connecti…
7. A worker proves repeated service and the owner’s right to inspect the finished output but supplies no evidence of a rig…
8. Reconcile the claimant’s ordinary initial burden to establish employment with Ditiangkin’s rule concerning independent-…
9. Explain why an allegation of employment and the absence of a written contract are not conclusive in opposite directions.
10. A claimant proves only that the owner may inspect output quality. Explain why that may fall short of proving employment…
11. Does proof of payment alone conclusively establish every element of employment?
12. Is Article295’s regular-versus-casual classification itself a substitute for first establishing an employment relations…