Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Burden of Proof

Multiple Choice Hard

Practice question

A worker proves repeated service and the owner’s right to inspect the finished output but supplies no evidence of a right to direct means or methods. The employment relationship itself is disputed. She argues that the owner’s interest in quality necessarily establishes method control without further proof. Which is best?
  1. Quality review always conclusively proves method control
  2. All paid output is automatically regular employment
  3. The claimant may replace evidence with an assumption about ownership
  4. The employer necessarily controls every person on its property
  5. Result review alone does not establish the disputed right to control methods; that distinction must be supported by substantial evidence

Legal references

  • Hacienda San Isidro/Silos Farms v. Villaruel, G.R. 220087, August 11, 2025, Court resolution: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/aug2025/gr_220087_2025.html

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