Question

Jurisdiction of States: Universality Principle

A scenario: A prominent business tycoon, Mr. Santiago, operates a multinational corporation with branches in various countries, including the Philippines. Recently, it has come to light that Mr. Santiago and his company have been involved in illegal activities such as tax evasion and money laundering.

Q: Discuss the application of the Universality Principle in relation to the jurisdiction of states with regard to Mr. Santiago's illegal activities. What are the conditions that must be met for a state to exercise jurisdiction under the Universality Principle? Explain how the Philippines can assert its jurisdiction and prosecute Mr. Santiago for his crimes, even if committed in other jurisdictions.

You may use relevant laws, regulations, and cases to support your answer.