Question

Discuss the applicable penalties under Articles 46, 50-57, 61-65, and 76-77 of the Revised Penal Code in the following scenarios:

1. John, a first-time offender, was found guilty of theft. He stole a valuable item worth Php 100,000. Determine the specific penalty that should be applied and discuss the factors to be considered in the graduation of penalties.
2. Marie, a bank employee, was convicted of estafa for embezzlement of funds amounting to Php 1,000,000. Discuss the proper penalty that should be imposed, taking into account the aggravating and mitigating circumstances.
3. Carlos, a drug dealer, was arrested for selling illegal drugs. He was found in possession of 50 grams of shabu. Determine the corresponding penalty for his offense and discuss any possible aggravating circumstances that may affect the imposition of the penalty.
4. Anna, a public officer, was caught in an act of corruption. She received a bribe amounting to Php 500,000 in exchange for granting a government contract. Identify the specific penalty applicable to her offense and discuss the factors that affect the determination of the penalty.