Swindling by Syndicate (PD 1689)

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1. For the syndicated form under PD1689, the defined syndicate consists of at least how many persons?
2. PD1689’s syndicated-estafa framework refers to underlying swindling under which Revised Penal Code provisions?
3. Which is a necessary inquiry in addition to the number of participants under PD1689?
4. Four persons commit an otherwise proved fraud. The prosecution invokes only their headcount to claim the defined five-p…
5. Five persons are named in a complaint solely because all are directors. No agreement, participation or formation for th…
6. Corporate clients allegedly deceive a commercial bank into extending a credit facility. The bank is the victim, and the…
7. Six organizers form and control a corporation to solicit investments from the general public, use proved fraudulent rep…
8. List the essential inquiries for the syndicated form of estafa under PD1689.
9. Explain the significance of Galvez’s February20 2013 reconsideration resolution for fraud committed by clients against …
10. Why does proof of five corporate directors and an unpaid debt not by itself establish syndicated estafa?
11. In the Ponzi operation discussed in People v. Baladjay, what supplies supposed returns paid to early investors?
12. For estafa by deceit underlying the Baladjay ruling, when must the fraudulent representation operate?