Retroactive Effect of Penal Laws

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1. Did RA 18 include serious and less serious physical injuries in the Article 62(5) list?
2. An offender has one earlier theft conviction but does not meet the specified habitual-delinquent definition. A genuinel…
3. The prosecution invokes the Article 22 exception based solely on several pending accusations, none resulting in the req…
4. An offender has two qualifying prior convictions and is found guilty a third time of a listed offense within the statut…
5. A prosecutor labels an offender a recidivist and refuses favorable Article 22 treatment without establishing the distin…
6. A prosecutor treats one old conviction as sufficient to defeat Article 22. Explain the need to use the incorporated def…
7. Explain why an author applying Article 22’s exception must account for RA 18’s amendment of the habitual-delinquent cri…
8. Distinguish a recidivist label from proof of the particular exception that Article 22 incorporates. Assume no special l…