Retroactive Effect of Penal Laws

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1. What is Article22's general rule for a later penal law favorable to an offender who is not within its specified habitua…
2. Does Article22 categorically exclude favorable retroactivity once the conviction is final and the convict is serving se…
3. Which exception is expressly identified in Article22's favorable-retroactivity provision?
4. An offender committed a felony before an amendment. The later law validly lowers the applicable penalty and applies fav…
5. A later statute increases the punishment applicable to an earlier offense. The prosecutor invokes Article22 solely beca…
6. A qualified convict is serving a final sentence when RA10951 becomes effective. The applicable amendment reduces the pe…
7. A convict eligible for favorable RA10951 adjustment claims that the reduced sentence has already been fully served. The…
8. Explain Article22's favorable-retroactivity principle. Assume a later law reduces the applicable penalty and the offend…
9. A prosecutor argues that Article22 requires the newest penal law to govern every earlier offense, even when it imposes …
10. A convict serving a final sentence invokes a genuinely favorable RA10951 amendment and seeks immediate release. Under I…
11. Does Article 22’s habitual-criminal exception refer to any person with any prior conviction, or to the specific Article…
12. Under the amended Article 62(5) definition, which conviction count is material?