Practice question
What is Article22's general rule for a later penal law favorable to an offender who is not within its specified habitual-criminal exception?
- The law may never affect an earlier offense.
- It applies retroactively insofar as it favors the offender.
- It applies only if it increases imprisonment.
- It automatically cancels every civil obligation.
- It automatically declares the underlying act never occurred.
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/statutes/acts/act1930/act_3815_1930b.html — Revised Penal Code Article22, with Article62(5)'s specified habitual-criminal exception.
- https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/64381 — In re Elbanbuena, G.R.237721, July31 2018, main en banc decision on favorable RA10951 penalty adjustment.
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