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Philippine Bar review · Topic

Likelihood of Confusion (Dominancy Test)

Explore Likelihood of Confusion (Dominancy Test) in Trademarks, Service Marks, and Trade Names for the Philippine Bar. Browse subtopics and published practice…

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Practice questions

  1. After the en banc Kolin ruling, what is the prevailing test for resemblance of competing marks? Multiple Choice Easy
  2. The dominancy test principally focuses on what? Multiple Choice Easy
  3. Does the absence of exact duplication necessarily prevent confusing similarity under dominancy? Multiple Choice Easy
  4. Two competing marks share a proved dominant feature likely to confuse purchasers, while a junior user points only to mi… Multiple Choice Medium
  5. One product appears in a different Nice class from another. A party treats that classification alone as proof they are … Multiple Choice Medium
  6. An analyst finds resemblance under dominancy and concludes that every conceivable use on any unrelated goods necessaril… Multiple Choice Hard
  7. In a trademark application examined by IPOPHL, the applicant says any likelihood-of-confusion refusal must automaticall… Multiple Choice Hard
  8. Explain the dominancy test and the status of the holistic test after Kolin. Essay Medium
  9. Distinguish confusion of goods from confusion of business. Essay Medium
  10. Why must resemblance and relatedness be considered distinctly, and why are Nice classes not conclusive? Essay Medium
  11. Which impressions receive attention in applying dominancy according to the en banc Kolin decision? Multiple Choice Easy
  12. Under Kolin’s multifactor framework, which is a relevant factor besides mark resemblance and product proximity? Multiple Choice Easy