Practice question
An agency says it need not consider the respondent’s relevant authenticated records because the complainant filed first. Which is correct?
- The first filer automatically controls all facts.
- Respondent evidence is always inadmissible in administration.
- A later submission can never have probative value.
- The tribunal must consider the evidence presented rather than treat filing order as decisive.
- Substantial evidence prohibits considering contrary proof.
Legal references
- A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC, 2019 Amendments to the Revised Rules on Evidence, effective May 1, 2020; Rules 131-133, specifically the cited sections: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.html
- Ang Tibay v. Court of Industrial Relations, G.R. No. 46496, February 27, 1940, EN BANC MAIN ruling, substantial evidence and independent evaluation: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1940/feb1940/gr_46496_1940.html
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