Philippine Bar review · Topic

Direct and Circumstantial Evidence

Explore Direct and Circumstantial Evidence in Weight and Sufficiency (Rule 133) for the Philippine Bar. Browse subtopics and published practice questions…

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Practice questions

  1. How does Gamon v. People distinguish direct evidence?
  2. What characterizes circumstantial evidence?
  3. Which condition is expressly required for conviction based on circumstantial evidence under current Rule 133, Section 4?
  4. A witness saw the accused standing near a warehouse shortly before property disappeared, but did not see a taking. Offe…
  5. A witness testifies that she personally saw the accused strike the victim. Does classification as direct evidence make …
  6. No one saw a theft occur. The prosecution offers several independently proved circumstances linking the accused to the …
  7. Investigators assume without proof that the accused owned a knife, infer from that assumption that he carried it that e…
  8. State the requirements for circumstantial evidence to support a conviction under the 2019 Rule 133, Section 4.
  9. Explain why a witness's testimony may be direct as to one proposition but circumstantial as to another.
  10. Explain the collective-assessment principle in Gamon v. People without treating every group of circumstances as automat…
  11. Do several witnesses repeating one observed circumstance necessarily create several distinct circumstances under Rule13…
  12. Can direct testimony concern an exculpatory fact rather than only an accusation?