Practice question
A counterpart accurately reproduces the original by a method qualifying as a duplicate. No genuine authenticity question or injustice in using it is shown. Must the proponent prove loss of the original solely because the counterpart is a duplicate?
- Yes, every duplicate is admissible only after proving loss.
- Yes, accurate duplication is legally irrelevant.
- Yes, unless the opposing lawyer personally created it.
- No; section 4(c) ordinarily admits a qualifying duplicate to the same extent as the original, subject to its stated exceptions.
- No; therefore every inaccurate reproduction is also admissible.
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.html — Rule 130 sections 3–9: original-document exceptions, duplicates, unavailable originals, adverse custody, summaries and public records.
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