Practice question
What does Section 38(1) of the Administrative Code require to overcome its stated protection from civil liability for acts performed in official duties?
- Mere disagreement with any official decision
- A clear showing of bad faith, malice or gross negligence
- Only proof that the officer receives a salary
- Only proof that the officer has held office for a year
- The complainant's personal dislike without supporting facts
Legal references
- Executive Order No. 292, Administrative Code of 1987, Book I, Chapter 9, Sections 38 and 39, qualified civil liability of public officers: https://lawphil.net/executive/execord/eo1987/eo_292_1987.html
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