Practice question
Under Mustapha, may a decision rely on undisclosed evidence absent from the hearing and record made available to affected parties?
- Yes, secret evidence is always preferred
- Yes, rumors never need disclosure
- No
- Yes, disclosure depends only on the petitioner’s wealth
- Yes, the Law Department can waive the tribunal’s duties
Legal references
- Mustapha v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 277177, July 8, 2025, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/jul2025/gr_277177_2025.html; main decision, administrative due-process requirements.
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