Practice question
For estafa by false pretenses, when must the fraudulent representation be made in relation to the victim’s induced transfer?
- Only after the victim has already paid
- Prior to or simultaneously with the fraud inducing the transfer
- Only after a demand for refund
- Only during the criminal trial
- At any later time, regardless of whether the victim relied on it
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2024/aug2024/gr_235010_2024.html — People v. Valle y Lapurga, GR 235010, August 7, 2024, main decision.
- https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/68766 — People v. Marzan, GR 227093, September 21, 2022, main decision; estafa under Revised Penal Code Article 315(2)(a) and distinct recruitment offenses.
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