Practice question
A union labels a large unrelated punitive deduction an agency fee and relies solely on the nonmember authorization exception. It supplies no basis that the sum is the reasonable equivalent contemplated by the Code. Which is correct?
- The label validates every amount.
- The authorization exception does not eliminate the substantive limits on the statutory fee.
- An exception to authorization repeals all reasonableness requirements.
- No actual fee comparison may be examined.
- Any person may levy an unlimited payroll penalty.
Legal references
- Labor Code, as amended, Articles 258 [247], 259 [248], 260 [249], 273 [260] and 277 [262-B]: https://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1974/pd_442_1974.html
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