Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Quantum of Evidence

Multiple Choice Medium

Practice question

A medical clearance establishes that a worker is fit to work but says nothing about whether the employer refused an assignment. The worker treats it as conclusive proof of the refusal. What distinction matters?
  1. The certificate automatically proves all pleaded events
  2. Every fitness certificate proves dismissal
  3. A doctor necessarily witnessed every employer decision
  4. Fitness and the employer’s alleged act are different facts requiring relevant support
  5. Only the medical certificate’s length matters

Legal references

  • Radaza v. Alcatraz Security, GR 272859, February 19, 2026, main decision, substantial evidence: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2026/feb2026/gr_272859_2026.html
  • Philippine Airlines v. Ahmee, GR Nos. 221065 and 221164, April 7, 2025, main decision, proof of payment: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/apr2025/gr_221065_2025.html

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