Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Quantum of Evidence

Essay Hard

Practice question

A fit-to-work certificate is offered as the sole proof that an employer denied an assignment. Explain why identifying the fact actually established by the document matters under substantial evidence.

Legal references

  • Radaza v. Alcatraz Security, GR 272859, February 19, 2026, main decision, substantial evidence: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2026/feb2026/gr_272859_2026.html
  • Philippine Airlines v. Ahmee, GR Nos. 221065 and 221164, April 7, 2025, main decision, proof of payment: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/apr2025/gr_221065_2025.html

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