Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Burden of Proof

Multiple Choice Easy

Practice question

Must an employer actually exercise every reserved means-and-methods control power daily before that right can be relevant?
  1. No; a proven retained right to control can suffice
  2. Yes; only constant physical observation counts
  3. Yes; contractually reserved powers are always irrelevant
  4. Yes; remote instructions cannot be evidence
  5. Yes; every unsupervised minute proves independent business

Legal references

  • Ditiangkin v Lazada GR246892 September21,2022 MAIN: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2022/sep2022/gr_246892_2022.html Evidence of retained control and economic realities.
  • Hacienda San Isidro v Villaruel GR220087 August11,2025 MAIN resolution: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/aug2025/gr_220087_2025.html Employment existence precedes Article295 classification.

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