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Essay Multiple Choice

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All Jurisprudence based

0 tracked cards Political and Public International Law

A Cabinet secretary issues a lawful directive in the regular business of the secretary's department. No law requires personal presidential action and the President has not disapproved it. A challenger says it is void solely because the President did not personally sign. Which doctrine answers that objection?

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The secretary's signature can validate every illegal command. The secretary may never perform any official act. The directive is a judicial decision immune from review. Qualified political agency ordinarily permits that departmental performance without a second presidential signature.

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