Title I – Crimes Against National Security and the Law of Nations

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1. For treason proved through witnesses to the overt act, what does amended Article114 require?
2. Under Article117, unauthorized entry into a military reservation for what purpose is within the specified espionage mod…
3. After RA7659 amended Article122, its geographic coverage includes which waters?
4. A person with the allegiance required by Article116 learns of a conspiracy to commit treason and deliberately conceals …
5. During a war in which the Philippines is not involved, a person knowingly violates a valid regulation issued by compete…
6. A group of outsiders boards a vessel in Philippine waters, forcibly seizes it and its cargo, then abandons its passenge…
7. For a wartime treason charge, two witnesses testify to different alleged acts of aid, and neither act has a second witn…
8. Explain the two-witness rule for treason and why two witnesses describing separate overt acts do not necessarily satisf…
9. An official lawfully possesses confidential defense plans through public office and discloses them to a representative …
10. Explain how RA7659 changed the geographic text of Article122 and identify two Article123 qualifying circumstances relev…
11. Under Article120, does its hostile-country correspondence offense require a time of war?
12. Does Article121 expressly reach an attempt to flee to an enemy country when its other conditions are met?