Recidivism

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1. Under Article 14(9), what relationship between the previous and current crimes is required for recidivism?
2. What status must the previous conviction have for Article 14(9) recidivism?
3. Does Article 14(9) require the previous and current crimes to have exactly the same statutory name?
4. Before committing estafa, Ramon had already been convicted of theft by final judgment. Theft and estafa are both in Tit…
5. Before a theft, Sonia had been convicted by final judgment of homicide. Homicide is in Title Eight, while theft is in T…
6. Tomas was finally convicted of theft, fully served the sentence, and years later committed estafa. Both crimes fall wit…
7. At a trial for theft, a prosecutor presents a police record listing two earlier theft arrests. The record contains no j…
8. State the requisites of recidivism under Article 14(9), including what must be established about the earlier judgment a…
9. Distinguish recidivism from reiteration and habitual delinquency without treating the terms as interchangeable.
10. A prosecutor argues that every earlier criminal case proves recidivism. Explain how the defense and court should test t…
11. Is Article14(9) recidivism itself a separate new crime?
12. Does Article14(9) expressly impose habitual delinquency’s ten-year window on recidivism?