Practice question
What legal nature does Nanzan identify for a fine under the RPC?
- A payment automatically received by the victim.
- Criminal penalty.
- A private gift to the offender.
- A contractual loan from the court.
- A universal settlement of all civil claims.
Legal references
- Nanzan v. People, G.R. No. 262084, April 3, 2024, main decision, fine versus civil indemnity and Article 38 preference: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/18/69480
- Revised Penal Code, Articles 38, 112 and 113, cited civil-payment and extinction rules: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/20426
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