Practice question
A person who is neither principal nor conspirator knowingly cooperates in execution through an established simultaneous act. Counsel calls the person an accessory merely because the person was not the chief organizer. Which is correct?
- Every nonorganizer is necessarily an accessory.
- Only chief organizers can incur any liability.
- Simultaneous cooperation is excluded from Section 6.
- The absence of leadership automatically proves innocence.
- Section 6’s accomplice framework, not subsequent participation alone, fits the stipulated cooperation.
Legal references
- RA 10168, Sections 4-7, 10 and 13, mental-element proof, participation and humanitarian exceptions: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2012/ra_10168_2012.html
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