Practice question
Does the ex post facto prohibition apply simply because any law operates retroactively and disadvantages someone financially?
- Yes, every tax dispute is automatically a criminal penalty
- Yes, every retrospective civil effect is ex post facto
- No; the penal character and protected adverse retroactivity must be assessed
- Yes, all retroactivity is constitutionally identical
- Yes, the legal character never matters
Legal references
- Constitution Article III Section 22; Lacson v. Executive Secretary, GR128096, January20 1999, main decision, ex post facto categories: https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html ; https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1999/jan1999/gr_128096_1999.html
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.