Philippine Bar review · Topic

Equal Protection

Explore Equal Protection in Constitutional Limitations on the Power to Enact Penal Laws for the Philippine Bar. Browse subtopics and published practice…

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Practice questions

  1. Which constitutional provision expressly prohibits denial of the equal protection of the laws?
  2. Does equal protection categorically prohibit every legal classification?
  3. Which is a requirement of reasonable classification?
  4. A penal ordinance treats two groups differently. Its defenders argue that classification alone necessarily makes it val…
  5. A penal provision divides otherwise similarly situated vendors into groups by the first letter of their surnames. The s…
  6. An ordinance punishes a specified safety violation only when committed by five named shops operating on the enactment d…
  7. A penal rule applies equally to everyone in its designated group. However, the stipulated grouping rests on no substant…
  8. Explain why equal protection permits reasonable legislative classification but does not accept every distinction in a p…
  9. A penal ordinance punishes identical conduct by vendors with surnames beginning A–M but exempts those beginning N–Z. Th…
  10. A penal provision covers only named existing shops and permanently exempts future shops under identical conditions. No …
  11. Under Albano’s framework, what scrutiny applies when a classification burdens a suspect class or interferes with a fund…
  12. Which examples does Albano identify for intermediate scrutiny?