Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Critical Infrastructure

Essay Medium Jurisprudence

Practice question

Why is an annual audit concerned only with operating cost inadequate for critical infrastructure under RA11659? Identify the ordinary performance subjects and the additional security-related scope.

Legal references

  • RA 11659, amending CA146, public-utility definition and national-security safeguards: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/94539
  • Signed March 20, 2023 implementing rules of RA11659, Sections 5-7 and 32-45: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/97017
  • RA12145, 2025 reorganization of NEDA into DEPDev: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2025/ra_12145_2025.html

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