Practice question
An employer presents a safety manual but no evidence the instructions were communicated, implemented or monitored. The manual is offered as conclusive proof of supervision. Which answer accords with Safeguard?
- Issuing rules alone does not necessarily prove their actual implementation and monitoring
- Every manual conclusively rebuts negligence
- Rules are never relevant evidence
- The employee's signature is irrelevant in every conceivable case
- Only a company's age matters
Legal references
- Civil Code Article 2180: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
- Safeguard Security Agency v. Tangco, GR 165732, December 14, 2006, main decision: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/40427
- Maitim v. Aguila, GR 218344, March 21, 2022, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2022/mar2022/gr_218344_2022.html
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