Practice question
An owner knowingly tells a prospective buyer that another person owns a parcel, intending the buyer to purchase from that person. The buyer does not know the truth and buys in reliance on the fraudulent representation. All Article 1437 requirements are established. The owner then asserts the concealed title to defeat that buyer. Which result follows?
- The owner may always profit from the deliberate deception
- The owner is precluded from asserting that legal title against the misled buyer in the stated circumstances
- The buyer must prove ownership of every neighboring lot
- The owner's representation transfers every property owned by the owner
- Estoppel applies without needing any of the stated requirements
Legal references
- Civil Code Articles 1431–1439: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
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