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Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Regalian Doctrine (Const., Art. XII, Sec. 2)

Multiple Choice Hard

Practice question

A deed validly conveys private surface land to a qualified buyer. The buyer claims the deed also transfers ownership of all State waters and minerals associated with the parcel, without any separate legal basis. Which is correct?
  1. Every private deed necessarily conveys every State resource.
  2. The valid land conveyance does not itself displace the separate constitutional resource categories.
  3. A qualified buyer may privately repeal resource ownership rules.
  4. Only the deed's price determines State ownership.
  5. State waters and minerals cease to exist legally upon sale.

Legal references

  • 1987 Constitution ArticleXII Sections2-3 and7-8: https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html
  • RA11573 Section6, amended PD1529 Section14: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2021/ra_11573_2021.html

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