Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Nominal Damages

Essay Medium Jurisprudence

Practice question

Explain why nominal damages and temperate damages are not interchangeable when exact financial loss cannot be proved.

Legal references

  • Civil Code Articles 2216 and 2221–2223: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
  • Paulino v. Sutherland Global Services, GR 262564, August 6, 2025, main decision, vindicatory nominal damages: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/70181

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