Practice question
In a criminal case with the Article 2230 aggravating-circumstance basis, the victim establishes compensatory entitlement. The defendant says exemplary damages are unavailable because the victim cannot produce an invoice stating an exact deterrence cost. Resolve the stated objection.
- No such invoice is required for the exemplary amount, though the court must still assess all legal conditions
- The invoice is always indispensable
- Exemplary damages must equal a medical receipt
- Aggravating circumstances substitute for every prerequisite
- The amount is automatically unlimited
Legal references
- Civil Code, Articles 1226-1230, 1701-1703, 2224-2235: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
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