Exemplary or Corrective Damages

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1. What purpose does Article 2229 assign to exemplary or corrective damages?
2. Under Article 2231, what conduct may support exemplary damages in a quasi-delict?
3. Are exemplary damages recoverable as a matter of right under Article 2233?
4. A contractual defendant acts in a proved wanton and fraudulent manner. The plaintiff establishes compensatory entitleme…
5. A claimant establishes only entitlement to nominal damages, with no moral, temperate or compensatory entitlement. Does …
6. A quasi-delict causes severe property damage. The court finds ordinary negligence and awards compensation but expressly…
7. A valid liquidated-damages clause covers the proved breach. To add exemplary damages, the plaintiff relies only on the …
8. Compare the conduct standards for exemplary damages in quasi-delicts and in contracts or quasi-contracts.
9. Explain Article 2234's prerequisite, including the situation where liquidated damages were agreed.
10. Discuss an advance waiver of exemplary damages and explain why its invalidity does not make an award automatic.
11. Under Article 2230, who receives exemplary damages imposed as part of civil liability for a crime?
12. What criminal-offense circumstance does Article 2230 identify as a basis for considering exemplary damages?