Practice question
Counsel signs an initiatory pleading under Section 3, but the plaintiff supplies neither the required sworn forum-shopping certification nor a duly authorized affiant's compliance. The plaintiff says counsel's ordinary pleading signature automatically satisfies Section 5. Which response is correct?
- The ordinary signature necessarily satisfies every sworn requirement
- No certification can ever be required
- Section 3's signature certification does not by itself supply the distinct Section 5 sworn certification and its required contents
- Any signature proves that no other action exists
- The opponent must sign the plaintiff's certification
Legal references
- 2019 Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 7 Sections 3–5: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-10-20-sc_2019.html
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