Practice question
An investigator relies on the word summary to treat unsupported accusations as conclusive and denies a requested opportunity to present a defense. Counsel invokes the public-welfare nature of discipline as a complete answer. Which is correct?
- Public purpose does not eliminate substantial evidence or Section18’s defense opportunity
- Public purpose automatically proves every allegation
- Summary procedure dispenses with all proof
- The respondent has no protected opportunity to be heard
- Only the complainant’s desired sanction matters
Legal references
- CPRA AM22-09-01-SC, CanonIV Sections3,7–8; CanonV Section3; CanonVI Sections1,12,16,18,32, issued primary text: https://bir-cdn.bir.gov.ph/local/pdf/RMC%20No.%20123-2023%20Annex%20A.pdf
- VERA LAW v Hechanova, AC13986, February26,2025, MAIN opinion, public-interest discipline and substantial-evidence burden: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/feb2025/ac_13986_2025.html
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