Practice question
How does a plaintiff ordinarily submit personally to the court in the civil action the plaintiff institutes?
- By filing the complaint.
- Only by being served with the plaintiff’s own summons.
- Only after the defendant wins.
- Only through an opponent’s private permission.
- Only after execution of a final judgment.
Legal references
- Guy v. Gacott, G.R. No. 206147, January 13, 2016, main decision, plaintiff submission and nonparty partner: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2016/jan2016/gr_206147_2016.html
- 2019 Amendments to Civil Procedure, Rule 14 Section 23 and Rule 8 Section 12, current personal-jurisdiction framework: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-10-20-sc_2019.html
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.