Practice question
An agency issues a written official resolution electronically. Is electronic form alone a basis for declaring that it cannot belong to the official-act category?
- Yes, all electronic records necessarily are private letters.
- Yes, official resolutions must always be handwritten.
- Yes, a digital file cannot record an official act.
- No; its official nature and applicable proof requirements must be examined.
- Yes, the device owner conclusively determines classification.
Legal references
- A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC, 2019 Amendments to the Revised Rules on Evidence, Rule 132, Sections 19-36 as specifically discussed: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.html
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.