Practice question
A litigant offers an authenticated document as public solely under a treaty-based category. The relevant treaty is in force between the Philippines and its country of source and treats the document as public. The opponent says the 2019 Rule recognizes no treaty category at all. Which is best?
- The opponent is correct that the category does not exist
- Section 19(c) expressly recognizes the specified treaty-and-convention category
- Any foreign paper is automatically public even without the criteria
- Public classification conclusively proves every substantive claim
- No other proof rule can apply to a public document
Legal references
- 2019 Rules on Evidence, Rule 132 Section 19(c): https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.html
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