Practice question
Character is an essential element of a legally recognized claim or defense. A party argues that Section 54 forbids proof of any specific instance of conduct in all circumstances. Which is correct?
- Specific instances can never be proved
- Only reputation may ever be considered even when character is an essential element
- An essential character issue is legally irrelevant
- The rule permits proof of specific instances when character or a trait is an essential element of the charge, claim or defense
- The court must decide without evidence
Legal references
- A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC, Rule 130, Section 54.
- Reviewed primary authority, Rule 130, Section 54, amended text: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.html
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