Practice question
For computer-stored data, what output may qualify as an original under Section 4(a)?
- Any unrelated printout
- Only the physical computer itself
- Only an oral description
- A readable printout or other output shown to reflect the data accurately
- Only a handwritten transcription regardless of accuracy
Legal references
- A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC, Rule 130, Sections 3–4; People v. Lastimosa, G.R. No. 265758, February 3, 2025, main decision.
- Reviewed primary authority, Rule 130, Sections 3–4: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.html
- Reviewed primary authority, Main decision, current original and duplicate rules: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/feb2025/gr_265758_2025.html
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