Practice question
For the electronic-business-record exception, must the foundation necessarily come from the individual who typed each entry?
- Yes, every typist must appear without exception.
- Yes, qualified custodians are expressly barred.
- No; the custodian or another qualified witness may establish it.
- Yes, a manager’s job title automatically replaces all foundation.
- Yes, the opponent alone must authenticate it.
Legal references
- A.M. No. 01-7-01-SC, Rules on Electronic Evidence, Rules 7-9: https://lawphil.net/courts/supreme/am/am_01-7-01_sc_2001.html
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