Practice question
The State cites a valid presumption but presents no admissible evidence of its basic fact. It asks the judge to treat the citation as factual proof. Which is correct?
- The judge must assume all predicates true
- Every valid presumption proves its own predicate
- The defense must disprove every missing basic fact
- Only the prosecutor’s good faith matters
- A legal source does not establish the required historical predicate
Legal references
- A.M.19-08-15-SC, current Rule131 Section6 and Rule132 Sections3,20–22: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.html
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