Practice question
What does the burden of proof require under Rule 131?
- Only repeating an allegation
- Only filing more pages than the opponent
- Only showing that the opponent is unpopular
- Establishing the relevant claim or defense by the amount of evidence required by law
- Always proving every civil issue beyond reasonable doubt
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/pdf/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.pdf — A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC, current Rule 131 §§1–3,5–6; Rule 133 §§1–2.
- https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html — 1987 Constitution, Article III §§2–3,12,14 (exclusionary protections and due process).
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/apr2025/gr_265570_2025.html — People v. Akil, G.R. No. 265570, April 7, 2025, MAIN decision (police-initiated private questioning of a detainee and custodial confession).
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