Practice question
A civil plaintiff establishes a prima facie factual case, requiring the defendant to produce rebutting material. Does this necessarily mean the plaintiff's burden of proof has transferred to the defendant?
- Yes; every prima facie showing permanently transfers the ultimate burden
- Yes; the plaintiff thereafter cannot lose
- No; the burden of going forward may shift while the plaintiff's applicable burden of proof remains
- Yes; a defendant must now prove every conceivable fact
- No; therefore the defendant's evidence is irrelevant
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/pdf/am_19-08-15-sc_2019.pdf — A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC, current Rule 131 §§1–3,5–6; Rule 133 §§1–2.
- https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html — 1987 Constitution, Article III §§2–3,12,14 (exclusionary protections and due process).
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/apr2025/gr_265570_2025.html — People v. Akil, G.R. No. 265570, April 7, 2025, MAIN decision (police-initiated private questioning of a detainee and custodial confession).
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