Practice question
The civil action is properly deemed instituted. The claimant asserts that this procedural status alone proves every civil element and requested amount. Which is sound?
- Inclusion automatically proves every damage
- Institution and proof of entitlement remain distinct
- The accused has no civil defense
- No evidence can ever be received
- The claim amount is fixed by filing
Legal references
- Rules110 Section14,111 Sections1–3 and119 Section19: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/rc_110-127_crim.html
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