Practice question
What standard governs a proper civil damages action permitted by Article 29 after acquittal for failure to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt?
- Absolute certainty.
- A bare accusation.
- Preponderance of evidence.
- Proof beyond reasonable doubt again in every instance.
- Only proof that a charge was once filed.
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/rc_110-127_crim.html — Rule 111 section 2 and Rule 120 section 2: civil liability, nonexistence finding and acquittal judgment contents.
- https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html — Civil Code articles 29 and 31: reasonable-doubt acquittal and other sources.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2024/jan2024/gr_246489_2024.html — Spouses Nuez v. Daz, G.R. 246489, January 29, 2024, main opinion: distinct acquittal grounds and civil consequences.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2024/feb2024/gr_255308_2024.html — Paguirigan v. People, G.R. 255308, February 12, 2024, main opinion: reasonable-doubt acquittal with civil reimbursement.
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