Practice question
A party wants to introduce proof of a completely new matter outside the pretrial issues merely because trial has begun. No valid amendment or special court direction supports it. Which is correct?
- Starting trial automatically erases every defined issue.
- Section 5 ordinarily limits trial to the pretrial issues, subject to the court’s lawful special direction and other applicable rules.
- The party alone can expand all issues by assertion.
- The pretrial order has no procedural effect.
- Every new subject must be received without opposition.
Legal references
- 2019 Amendments to Civil Procedure, Rules 23-34, particularly the current provisions cited in each explanation: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-10-20-sc_2019.html
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