Practice question
A defendant expressly seeks reconsideration and merits relief without any personal-jurisdiction reservation, after an earlier qualified filing. The defendant says the court may inspect only the first caption. Which is correct?
- The first caption conclusively freezes every later act.
- The later relief request is categorically irrelevant.
- Only the defendant’s private intention matters.
- The later unreserved conduct must also be evaluated.
- The court must ignore all filings after the first.
Legal references
- Spouses Abayon v. Bank of the Philippine Islands, G.R. No. 249684, March 29, 2023, main decision, unreserved affirmative relief and voluntary submission; no historical motion-to-dismiss mechanics relied on: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2023/mar2023/gr_249684_2023.html
- 2019 Amendments to Civil Procedure, Rules 8, 11, 14 Section 23 and 15, as relevant to each stated issue: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-10-20-sc_2019.html
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