Practice question
An established defect concerns validity of the judgment itself. Counsel says Rule51 Section8 preserves only subject-matter jurisdiction and excludes validity. Which is correct?
- Only jurisdiction appears
- The text also refers to validity of the judgment or proceedings
- Every validity defect is automatically harmless
- Brief numbering validates proceedings
- Validity can never be examined
Legal references
- Rules40–45 and51, continuing appellate provisions: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/rc_1-71_civil.html
- 2019 amendments, AM19-10-20-SC: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-10-20-sc_2019.html
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