Practice question
A claimant cannot yet determine which of two contractors is responsible for the same defect. Evidence supports genuinely alternative theories. Does inconsistent relief against the two itself prohibit Section 13 joinder?
- Yes; alternative liability is always forbidden.
- Yes; the plaintiff must obtain a judgment before naming anyone.
- Yes; every uncertainty necessarily defeats every civil action.
- Yes; both defendants are automatically liable without trial.
- No; the rule expressly allows alternative defendants despite such inconsistency.
Legal references
- Rules of Court, Rule 3 Sections 12-15 and 19, unchanged provisions read with current amendments: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/rc_1-71_civil.html
- 2019 Amendments to Civil Procedure, Rules 2-4 and relevant Rule 10 Section 3, current operative provisions: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/am_19-10-20-sc_2019.html
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